Oil burner



`uly 7, 1925.

R. G. VSLAYTER OIL BURNER Filed June 9, 1923 2 Shee'cs-SheeJ l u nu @www INVENTOR Rasse/I @mes 5/ OIL BURNER Filed June 9, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ORNEY flattened and grooved, and yon the surface Patented July 7, 1925.

UNITED STATES RUSSIE-LL G. SIiAYTER, OF LA FAYETTE, INDIANA.

OIL BURNER.

Application led June 9,

`La Fayette, in the county of Tippecanoe and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Oil Burner, of which the following is a specification.

. My invention relates to improvements in oil burners and more particularly to that type of burner known as gravity burners.

It is one of the objects of my invention to provide a burner which will burn the so called heavy oils and which may be cheaply constructed and readily installed' and which will givel the greatest 'eliiciency obtainable in this type of burner. I

For the purpose of disclosing my inven! tion I have illustrated one embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings in which, Y

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the burner installed in a furnace;

` Fig. 2 is a plan view of the burner;

3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectionvon the line 4 4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a enlarged section 5-5 of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 6 is an enlarged section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

In the embodiment illustrated I have shown my burner used in connection with a furnace 1, the grate of which has been removed and the burner inserted in place in the firepot 2 and the firepot sealed with thev on the line exception of at the point where the supply of air for the burner is led 'thereinto The burner is provided with a pan shaped base 3 preferably formed of sheet metal and being cylindrical in shape. At the `upper edge of the side walls of the base 3 I provide the base with an inwardly extending `ange 4. This llange is adapted to support a dish shaped burner pan 5 having at its outer periphery an annular shoulder 6 and provided at its center with an upwardly extending cone 7. The cone at its top is of the cone is formed a'plurality of spiral ridges 8 which extend outwardly .to the f walls 9 of the air Aopenings formed in the burner plate 5. center, is provided with an oil feedv opening 10. vThe air openings 111' lformed through the plate are providedwith annular flanges 'Ihe' cone 7, `through itsf 1923. serial no. 644,293.

11 which position the arched air supply pipes 12. 'llhese pipes at their upper ends merge tangentially into an enlarged air chamber 13 having a bottom opening 14* immediately above the cone 7. The air supply pipes and air chamber are preferably formed from a single casting and I have discovered that the best results are obtained by making the area of the opening 14 equal to the sum of the areas of the air supply pipes 12.

The base 3 forms an air chamber beneath the burner pan and this air chamber is sup plied with air by means of a conduit flue 15 connected at one end with the base and arranged to extend beyond the firepot. It is provided at its outer end with a valve 16 by which the quantity of air supplied to the air chamber in the base and consequently to the burner, may be properly controlled.

Oil is supplied to the o eningl in the cone 7 by an oil supply pipe l? which communicates with said opening at the bottom 4and which extends outwardly through the air flue 15 to a point beyond the furnace wall. .This pipe then takes a right angle bend and Lextends out through the side of the Hue where it is connected with the supply pipe 18'provided with a hand controlled yvalve 19 and connectedwith an auxiliary supply chamber 20 provided with a oat controlled valve 21. This supply chamber is connected with the main oil supply and interposed between the main oil supply and the auxiliary supply chamber is a filter 22 adapted to receive the oil from the main supply pipe 23 at a point near its bottom and having a chamber 24 lilled with a filteringgmaterial, such for instance as felted wool or the like. The connection between the filter and the auxiliary supply 'chamber is at the top of the filter so that the oil under a slight head is forced up- .wardly through the filtering material and base 3 that,`if for any reason, the oil should fail to burn, or should not be Wholly consumed in the dish, the accumulated oil in the dish might overflow the shoulder 6 and into the base 1` from whence it Would flow through to the pipe V29 into the pan 28. Any overflow from chamber 2O will pass through a pipe 20 into. pan 28. As soon' as the pan becomes loaded the Weight of the oil therein Will swing the arm 27, thereby throwing the Weighted arm 26 past center so that it Will drop and shut off the fuel supply.

A bypass 30 is provided in the supply pipe 18, Which bypass is provided with 'a hand valve 31 and an automatic valve 32 so that in event it is desired to provide an automatic means for controlling the heat supplied by the furnace, the hand valve in the pipe 18 may be shut, thereby causing the fuel to flow through the bypass 30, Where it will be subjected to the control of the automatic valve 32.

A supplementary air conduit A33 extends through the flue '15 and opens to the atmosphere independently of the valve 16. rIhis conduit communicates with a supplemental air conduit 34 Which extends'up along the side of one of the fair supply pipes 12 and passes down through the top of the air chamber 13 to a point immediately above the cone 7. At the nozzle end of this conduit 34 there is provided a cone-shaped deflector plate ornozzle plate 35Which deflects the air from the entry point of the fuel. This supplemental air supply furnishes sufficient air to maintain the fuel burning When the fuel supply is cut down to the "minimum and `the main air supply is cutl off by the closurev of the valve 16. By the provision of the deiectorplate 35 the admission of the air immediately above the decreased fuel supply prevents the air from blowing the flame out.

The air and fuel supply to the burner are controlled by a thermostatically controlled motor 36 which may be either electrically or spring operated, and is caused to operate to start the burner or stop the burner by means of a thermostat having an electrical connection with the motor and adapted to be placed in the-apartment, the heatlof which is tol be controlled. yThe lmotor is provided with an operatingarm 3T adapted to be connected With a'llever arm 38 on the valve I 16 and also'with ajlever arm 39 on the automatic oil control-valve. When the motor isoperated to shut, orpartially shut',r the air.

control valve 16,A it also operates to shut, or partially shut, the fuel control valve 32. The fuel control valve is never entirely closed so thateven when the apparatus is in a shut..- off condition, 'thereisfa small supply of oil admitted for the purpose of maintaining an ignition, orturned-down flame. When, however, the burner `is in this condition, the main air supplyfvalve 16-is closed entirely and air nsaaovl is supplied to maintain combustion of the oil by the supplementary or auxiliary air supply conduit 33.

In order to maintain the air supply to the burner constant under all conditi/ons and prevent Huctuation in the air supply, I provide in the draft flue of the furnace, a balanced valve 40 which will open or close, depending upon the draft conditions in the Hue, thereby admitting more or less air into the draft flue of the furnace and maintaining in the air supply flue 15 a constant pressure. Valve 40 is carried by a ring4l rotatable in the neck 42 so that it may be set properly irrespective of the angle of the smoke flue 43 and this neck is carried by a split thimble 44 which may be clamped around the smoke flue by bolt 45.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner, in combination, a base pan, a dishshaped burner plate supported by said pan and substantially closing the top of said pan to form beneath the plate an air chamber, saidl plate having a centrally arranged distributor cone with an oil supply opening extending therethrough, arched air tubes receiving air from the air chamber and terminating in an air chamber above said cone, which chamber opens above the cone for supplying air for the purpose of combustion, anair flue for supplying air to the chamber beneath the burner plate, an oil supply conduit for supplying oil to the burner plate, a valve capable of being completely closed* for controlling the admission Vof air to said conduit, a second valve inca- 'pable of being completely closed for controlling the admission of oil to the oil conduit, means for simultaneously operating. said valves-and a secondary air supply conduit terminating limmediately above the cone burner plate and arranged to delivefra sup ply of air independently of the position of the valve controllingtheadinission of air to the flue.

` 2. In an Voil burner, in combination, abase panhaving an air chamber formed therein, a burner plate mounted above said air chainberfand having a cone shaped distributor at -i'ts center provided With an oil supply opening,a plurality of arched air tubes mounted on said burner plateand receiving ali'v from said air chamber, .said tubes terminating in an air chamberhaving adelivery opening 1D0 above the cone on the burner plate, an air flue communicating With the air chamber in said base pan, a valve for controlling the adlOl) mission of air into said airchamber and a secondary air supplyf conduit-terminating immediately above the cone on the burner plate and arranged to deliver a supply of air independently of the position of the valve controlling the admission of air to the flue.

3. In an oil burner, in combination, a base pan having an air supply chamber formed therein, a burner plate ,mounted above said chamber and having a cone distributor on its upper side provided with a supply opening, a plurality of air supply pipes receiving `air from the chamber in the base pan and terminating in an air chamber having an opening above the burner cone, an air conduit communicating with the air chamber in the base pan and supplying substana centrallyl arranged oil supply duct, a plu-- rality of air supply pipes receiving air from tially all of the air for combustion purposes v to said burner, a valve controlling the admission of air into said conduit and a secondary air supply conduit delivering air above the burner opening and receiving air independently of the main air supply con-` duit.

an air chamber opening above said distributor cone and a 'secondary air conduit opening immediately above the distributor .cone and having a cone shaped deHector plate at the nozzle end thereof.

5. In an oil burner, in combination, a burner plate having a cone shaped distributor formed thereon and provided with beneath said plate and terminating in an air chamber havlng an opening above said distributor, a secondary air supply conduit terminating in a nozzle immediately above v the distributor and having a cone shaped de- Hector plate at thewnozzle end thereof above the oil supply openlng in the distributor.

6. In an oil burner, in combination, a

-burner plate having a centrally arranged cone shaped distributor provided on its surface with a plurality of spirally arranged ribs diverging toward the base of the distributor, said distributor having an oil supply duct, a plurality of air supply pipes receiving air from beneath the plate and terminating in a chamber having an opening above the distributor and a secondary air supply-duct terminating immediately above the distributor in .a nozzlechaving a cone shaped deflector plate at its end.

7. In an oil burner, in combination, a base pan, a dish shaped burner plate supported by said pan and substantially closing the top of said pan to form beneath the plate an air chamber, said plate having a centrally arranged'distributor cone with an oil supply opening extending therethrough, arched air tubes receiving air from the air chamber and delivering tangentially into an air 'chamber above said cone, which chamber opens above the cone for supplying air. for

lthe urpose of combustion, an air flue for supp ying air to the chamber beneath the burner plate, an oil supply conduit for supplying oil to the burner plate, a valve for controlling the admission of air to said conduit', a second valve for controlling the ad:

mission of oil to the oil conduit and means ing, a plurality of arched air tubes mounted on said burner plate and receiving air from said air chamber, said tubes delivering tangentially into an air chamber having a delivery opening above the cone on the burner plate, an air line communicating With the air chamber in said base pan, a valve for air chamber and a secondary air supply conduit terminating immediately above the cone on the burner plate and arranged to deliver a supply of air independently of the position of the valve controlling the admission of air to the l'lue.

9. In an oil burner, in combination, a base pan having an air chamber formed therein, a burner plate above said air chamber having a cone shaped distributor at its center provided with a fuel inlet, a plurality of arched air tubes receiving air from -the chamber in the base pan and delivering tangentially into an air chamber opening above the cone, a valve controlled air supply flue communicating with the air chamber inthe base pan, an oil conduit extending to said fuel opening in the burner plate and a float controlled valve arranged in said oil conduit.

10. In an oil burner, in combination, a

base pan having an air chamber formed- 'controlling the admission of air into said -conduit and a filter interposedbetween the fuel oil supply and said valve.

11.v In an oil burner, in'combination, aI base pan having anv air supply chamber formed therein, burner plate mountedabove said chambn and having a cone distributor onits upper side provided with a supply opening, a plurality of air supply pipes receivingl air from the chamber in thebase'pan and delivering tangentially into an air chamber having an openingfabove the burner cone, an air conduit communicating With the air chamberin the base pan and VsupplyingV substantially all of the air for combustion purposes to said burner, a valve controllingthe admission of air into said conduit and apsecondary air supply conduit delivering air above the burner opening and receiving air independently of the main air supply conduit. l

l2. ln an oil burner2 in combination, a base pan having an air supply chamber formed therein, a burner plate mounted above said air supply opening having on its upper surface a cone distributor provided with a central vertically arranged oil supply opening, a plurality of air supply pipes receiving air from said air chamber and delivering tangentially into an air chamber openingl above said distributor cone and a secondary air conduit opening immediately above the distributor cone and having a cone shaped deflector plate at the nozzle end thereof.

13. lin an oil burner, in combination, a burner plate having acone shaped distributor formed thereon and provided .with a centrally arranged oil supply duct,l a plurality or air supply pipes receiving air from beneath said plate and delivering tangenatraen tially into an air chamber having an opeir ing above said distributor, a secondary air supply conduit terminating in a nozzle im mediately above the distributor and having a cone shaped detlector plate at the nozzle end thereof above the oil supply opening i the distributor.

14. ln an oil burner, in combination, a

.burner plate having a centrally arranged having a cone shaped deflector plate at its v end.

ln Witness whereof` li RUSSELL G. SLAY- 'rnn have hereunto set \my hand at Lal Fayette, indiana., this fifth day of June,` A.. D. one thousand nine hundred and twenty three.

RUSSELL G. SLAYTER. 

